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Utilizing integrative urban design thinking in explaining spatial quality in urban public spaces (Case study: 5 District of Tehran Municipality)
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Nila Pazhouhandeh1   , Esmaeil Shieh * 2, Maryam Moinifar3 |
1- Urban design, Faculty of Architecture and Urban design, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin Branch, Qazvin, Iran
2- Iran University of Science and Technology
3- Assistant Professor / Faculty urban Planning Department, Islamic Azad University of Qazvin |
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Abstract: (103 Views) |
The lack of understanding of the concept of spatial quality, the lack of attention to its holistic approach, has led to the lack of formation of the desired quality of urban public spaces, which is unable to respond to the needs of citizens over time. Therefore, due to the inefficiency of urban public spaces, it is necessary to adopt an attitude that is appropriate to today's urban conditions. The modern thinking of integrated urban design with a holistic perspective has raised a new public arena in the world literature. Therefore, the present research tries to use this thinking in order to change the quality of urban public spaces in Iran, especially public spaces selected from the five districts of Tehran municipality. The current research method is qualitative-quantitative. In the qualitative phase, this article tries to introduce the application conditions of this thinking by using the content analysis method (literature review), a comparative study of the theoretical framework of integrated urban design thinking with a case study. In the quantitative stage of the research, the data collection method is a descriptive survey. The studied community is 24 experts in the field of architecture and urban planning. Extracted components were analyzed using SPSS software and through exploratory factor analysis. The results showed that there are five factors influencing the quality improvement of urban public spaces in this region, and the highest percentage of explained variance is related to the social component with 21.67%, which indicates the priority and importance of this factor. The findings of the research show that in addition to the overview of the concept of spatial quality, examining the concept of spatial quality from macro to micro scale in an integrated process, creating mechanisms to promote the place of the transdisciplinary approach of urban planning in the process of environmental planning and design. One of the prerequisites is to apply this thinking and improve the quality of urban public spaces.Spatial quality, despite the fact that it is a dynamic and comprehensive necessity and has great importance for spatial users, but it has not been properly defined so far. The lack of understanding of this concept is due to the fact that spatial quality has wide dimensions and includes different disciplines. This term is one of the main concepts in urban planning and design; Therefore, in order to understand this concept, it is necessary to examine it on the scale of public space, and paying attention to the trans discipline of urban planning is effective in understanding this concept. At the same time as the dimensions and nature of urban issues became more complex, one-dimensional concepts and frameworks faced a serious challenge. In this respect, the necessity of Principles of integrative urban design, especially in Selected public spaces of District 5 of Tehran Municipality , becomes more evident. Tehran metropolis, as the center of the country, on the one hand, faces the density of performance and capital, and on the other hand, the crisis of the quality of public spaces. In this regard, 5 region of Tehran municipality needs to form a network of public spaces which at the same time has interactive qualitative indicators. Instead of solving the problems of the city and its citizens, these concepts have caused many crises and qualitative issues. A main goal, a part of which, by pursuing the issue of "What is the role and place of integrated urban design thinking in improving spatial quality in urban public spaces? The components and dimensions affecting spatial quality in urban public spaces using this thinking What are they?" followed and reflected in the present article.In this article, qualitative research methods, content analysis, have been used first. In the stage of developing the theoretical framework, the method of content analysis and interpretation of the findings was used, and in the stage of identifying the dimensions of this thinking in the selected samples, the quantitative method was used. The subject of urban design includes form, function, aesthetics, efficiency and product process, and the integration of intuitive and scientific methods can be a more powerful tool for urban design. In 5 region of Tehran Municipality, like other regions, attention to urban design has been focused more on formal aspects, that is, urban form and perceptual and visual features; But the urban form, as a container of urban activities, cannot be separated from its content, and there is always a mutual relationship between the two. Therefore, urban activities in urban design are considered as a secondary concern and it is necessary to integrate the elements of urban design theory including form, urban activity and intuitive and scientific methods. The process of integrating these laws and their applications in the basic elements of urban design (urban space and activity) needs a unifying element. In the position of conclusion and based on the position of this article, it should be mentioned that establishing the rules and principles of urban design in a practical way and based on environmental conditions by simultaneously paying attention to the elements of integrated urban design theory and at both global and local levels is possible. will be acceptable. Therefore, some integrated principles of urban design were emphasized both at the theoretical level and through theories in relation to the case study, and it shows that the desirable quality of urban spaces in this region was more related to physical quality.Based on what was obtained from the exploratory factor analysis of the experts' questionnaire, five factors including: social, functional, ecological, physical, and cognitive were determined among them. So that the criteria of accessibility and visual proportions have the highest factor load. In order to perform exploratory factor analysis, the varimax rotation method was used, and 10 criteria were examined as quality criteria of urban public spaces, and they explained 41.65% of the total variance.
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| Keywords: Quality of public spaces, integrative urban design, exploratory factor analysis, District 5 of Teran MunicipalitySpatial Quality, public urban spaces, integrative urban design, exploratory factor analysis, District 5 of Teran Mu-nicipality |
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Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Special
Received: 2020/12/1 | Accepted: 2022/10/12
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