Climate can easily be considered as the most important factor affecting human life and the life of human societies. Perhaps the importance of the climate in human life has never been stressed as much as it is today in macroeconomic-social debates. Nonetheless, even today, many decision-makers of macroeconomic issues are not that cognizant of the importance of this issue. Now, most experts of political, economic, social and environmental issues present climate change as one of the most complex and influential issues in various areas of human life. They also predict that this issue will bring about different problems and consequences for human societies, depending on their economic, social and environmental context, especially in economic terms. Although the issue of climatic fluctuations and their economic impact on human life is not a new issue, the issue has recently taken a different turn. The financial costs incurred by climatic fluctuations will be very heavy and even irreparable for some areas and countries. In total, climate change is expected to impose, either directly or indirectly, significant economic impacts on human societies in various fields – especially agriculture, tourism, energy, human health, labor productivity, employment, economic growth, rising poverty, and increasing immigration, among others. However, the economic impact of climate change will not be equal and alike the world over. In other words, for some regions, climate change can be considered as a geo-economic opportunity and economic advantage, especially in the world economy and economic relations; in contrast, climate change for many regions and developing countries with very hot and dry weather is a geographical and economic crisis and bankruptcy. Due to the importance of the subject, this article tries to study the economic effects of climate change through a descriptive-analytical method. The issue is studied due to the fact that the literature of climate change in the Persian language is scarce; as well, from the climatic and economic point of view, Iran is one of the most vulnerable areas for climate change.